If the civilization was in an area that (a) got overrun by glaciers and was uncovered 10,000 years ago and (b) had its old mines rediscovered by the next Bronze Age / Iron Age culture to come long, the later humans could have wiped out traces of earlier human mining and cities. A higher-tech civilization than that would probably develop global travel and left traces all over the place, and I don’t see how anyone developing industrial technology could avoid leaving marks in the ice cores.

Of course, one can always handwave low-impact vril technology for your lost Atlantean/Hyperborean civilization... and if you go in for ancient astronauts creating a civilization using low-impact technology developed elsewhere, I expect civilization built on carbon nanotubes and biotech might leave very few traces indeed. But that’s all into deep Fortean territory.