I'd expect permanent teleport circles between all major cities within 20 years of magic becoming known. In a century, there would be ultrawealthy people with a house which consisted of separate rooms connected by permanent teleport circles - instead of a refrigerator, part of the pantry would be a room surrounded by an alpine glacier, and there would be several main living areas, one for each season of the year -a warm but not too hot Summer in the French room, a cozy Winter room in the southern portions of Italy or Spain... If magic became known and reliable around 1,200 CE, the world would be very strange and magical place by 1,400 CE, and I don't think anyone can predict what 2,010 would look like - I'm guessing that by 1,600 at the latest the entire planet would be a drastically post singularity society where immortals dwelled in floating cities and elementals and other summoned beings & constructs waited on their every need. I'd expect upgrading people, body switching and suchlike to come in eventually. Also, by no later than 1,300 the great age of planar exploration would start (if the planes existed). Even if other planes don't exist, good telescopes to sight enhancing magic + greater teleport = interplanetary travel.

Depending upon the various events and the quirks of history, 1,600 could look like anything from Star Trek to Eclipse Phase (with magic instead of tech), but it wouldn't look like either D&D or our world.

Edit: I also just remembered the 5th level Druid spell Awaken - permanently give any plant or animal human intelligence. I would presume that it would breed true if two Awakened animals mated. I'd imagine that this would have a significant affect on the world.